Overview of ISOPHT

The principal investigator for ISO PHOTometer is D. Lemke (MPIA, Heidelberg, Germany). ISOPHOT comprises 3 sub-systems, a photometer which can do polarimetry at short wavelengths in addition to multi-aperture, multi-filter photometry (PHT-P), a long-wavelength, photometric camera (PHT-C), and two low-resolution, grating spectrophotometers (PHT-S). PHT-P covers the wavelength range 2.5um to 120um with 14 filters (resolving power ranges from 1.7 to 17.4). The 13 apertures vary in diameter from 5.0" to 180" (although 2 of them are rectangular not circular). Polarimetry is possible with PHT-P between 2.5um and 30um. PHT-C has 2 two-dimensional mosaic arrays of detectors, operating from 50um to 200um. There are 6 filters for the shorter wavelength camera array (which has nine 43.5" pixels), and there are 5 filters for the longer wavelength camera (which has four 89.4" pixels). Polarisation can be done with any filter in PHT-C. The two grating spectrophotometers in PHT-S operate from 2.5um to 5um and from 6um to 12um. Each spectrometer has an array of 64 detectors, and PHT-S has a resolving power of around 90.

PHOTOMETRY: There is a wide range of photometric observations possible, using PHT, including multi-filter, multi-aperture, absolute photometry (w.r.t. internal calibrators), and these may be made with single pointings, raster scans, linear scans, variability monitoring or sparse maps. Chopped observations can be made with background up to 330" away (depending upon the selected aperture). The aperture given here is the diffraction limited one. Only point source sensitivities are given here. The sensitivities are estimated using an intergration time (on source) of 100 sec, and S/N=10, assuming moderate background.

     Filter Resolving Aper. Flux   Comments
              power         limit  
 PHT-P
     P_3.29    17.4    5.0   31mJy Feature
     P_3.6      3.4    5.0    6.2  Common to SWS 
     P_4.85     3.2    7.6    4.2   
     P_7.3      2.3   13.8    2.6
     P_7.7      9.8   13.8   12    Feature
     P_10       5.6   18      7.9
     P_11.3    15     18     29    Feature
     P_11.5     1.8   23      2.5  IRAS-like
     P_12.8     5.6   23      6.7  
     P_16       4     23      6.5  
     P_20       2.3   52      7.7  
     P_25       2.6   52      8.5  IRAS-like
     P_60       1.7   99     35    IRAS-like
     P_100      2.3  180     91    IRAS-like
PHT-C            
     C_50       1.3          45
     C_60       1.7          43
     C_70       1.8          35
     C_90       1.7          20
     C_100      2.3          33
     C_105      2.8          57 
     C_120      2.3          31
     C_135      2.2          28
     C_160      2.0          25
     C_180      3.1          56
     C_200      5.7         258

Aperture list      
        Size (arcsec)             Comments
           5.0      circular
           7.6      circular
          10        circular
          13.8      circular
          18        circular
          20 x 32               Common to SWS
          23        circular
          52        circular
          79        circular
          99        circular    Common to LWS
         120        circular
         127 x 127
         180        circular

POLARIMETRY: The 3 polarisers + clear aperture can be viewed by both PHT-P (not with the 60um and 100um filters) and PHT-C. The sensitivities are calculated with an exposure time of 100 sec for each polariser setting, and a required absolute error in the degree of polarisation of 1%. A polariser illuminated with unpolarised radiation transmits a fraction T of the incident intensity. P' is the degree of polarisation of the transmitted radiation. Each polariser is used twice in an observation, to improve reliability. Observations are permitted through one filter, several filters, several apertures, with the possibility of a raster scan or sparse map. Only point source sensitivities are given here.

         Filter  Central   Polariser Eff Flux 
                wavelength   T      P'   limit
PHT-P
        P_3.29     3.30     0.35  0.90   656mJy
        P_3.6      3.63     0.35  0.90   160
        P_4.85     4.85     0.35  0.91   108
        P_7.3      7.4      0.35  0.91    64
        P_7.7      7.65     0.35  0.91   307
        P_10       9.90     0.35  0.92   194
        P_11.3    11.4      0.35  0.92   720
        P_11.5    11.8      0.35  0.92    51
        P_12.8    12.8      0.35  0.93   160
        P_16      15.6      0.35  0.94   152
        P_20      20.7      0.35  0.96   147
        P_25      23.9      0.35  0.97   170
PHT-C           
        C_50      66        0.52  0.89   757
        C_60      64        0.51  0.92   717  
        C_70      80        0.50  0.95   579
        C_90      93        0.50  0.96   311
        C_100    100        0.50  0.97   534
        C_105    105        0.50  0.97   925
        C_120    115        0.51  0.98   468
        C_135    146        0.51  0.99   419
        C_160    160        0.52  0.99   362
        C_180    173        0.52  0.99   850
        C_200    188        0.52  0.99  3990