The useful time depends on the weather conditions at the Observatories, mainly wind speed, relative humidity, cloudiness and sky transparency (that is depending on aerosol and precipitable water

Turbulence is a particular motion of fluids where the kinetic energy breaks the laminar flow. Optical turbulence refers to the effects that this motion has on light. The optical turbulence in the

The water vapour (WV) is one of the constituent gases of the Atmosphere. Despite being a minor constituent, WV is a powerful greenhouse gas, with strong lines of absorption and emission in the IR