Astronomy and Astrophysics
Aims: We aim to assign a probability of occurrence to the two competing scenarios.
Methods: The probability that the SMBH passage leaves a trace of stars is factorized as the product of the probabilities of all the independent events required for this to happen (PSMBH). Then, each factor is estimated individually. The same exercise is repeated with the edge-on galaxy interpretation (Pgalax).
Results: Our estimate yields log(Pgalax/PSMBH)≃11.4 ± 1.6, where the error is evaluated considering that both Pgalax and PSMBH are products of a large number of random independent variables. Based on the estimated probabilities, PSMBH < 6 × 10−17 and Pgalax > 1.4 × 10−5, we determined the number of objects to be expected in various existing, ongoing, and forthcoming surveys, as well as among all observable galaxies (i.e., when observing between 106 and 2 × 1012 galaxies). In the edge-on galaxy scenario, there are always objects to be detected, whereas in the SMBH scenario, the expectation is always compatible with zero.
Conclusions: Despite the appeal of the runaway SMBH explanation, arguments based on the Occam's razor clearly favor the bulgeless edge-on galaxy interpretation. Our work does not rule out the existence of runaway SMBHs leaving stellar trails. It tells that the vD23 object is more likely to be a bulgeless edge-on galaxy.
El proyecto interno GEFE está enmarcado en el proyecto coordinado, ESTALLIDOS, financiado por el plan nacional desde el año 2001. El ultimo proyecto aprobado es ESTALLIDOS 6.0 (AYA2016- 79724-C4-2-P). En el proyecto GEFE trabajamos en base al caso científico del proyecto ESTALLIDOS 6.0. Los estallidos de formación estelar (Starbursts o SB) son