El cometa Hale-Bopp (C/1995 O1), descubierto en julio de 1995, es uno de los intrínsecamente más brillantes de la historia de la astronomía reciente, y que está mostrando una inusitada actividad. De hecho, ya se ha convertido en uno de los más brillantes de todo el siglo XX, y el tercero más luminoso desde el año 1500.
El Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, IAC, solicita la ayuda de todos los astrónomos aficionados y Agrupaciones Astronómicas de España para realizar un seguimiento completo de su actividad desde septiembre de 1996 hasta septiembre de 1997, es decir, un año completo.
Dado el nivel que la Astronomía no profesional tiene en España, el proyecto cumplirá sus objetivos. Los investigadores del IAC aceptarán todas las estimaciones de la magnitud visual aparente de C/1995 O1 hechas con rigor científico. Los datos que se necesitan están indicados en nuestro formulario. Entre ellos destacamos los siguientes:
Adjuntamos un enlace a los métodos observacionales (cortesía Agrupación Astronómica de Gran Canaria).
Las observaciones se realizarán, pues, desde septiembre de 1996 hasta finales de septiembre de 1997, cuando el cometa deje de ser visible desde el Hemisferio Norte.
Se distribuirá una copia del archivo de forma totalmente gratuita a las Agrupaciones Astronómicas que contribuyan a esta campaña observacional.
Tambien pueden enviarse a través del formulario o, si se prefiere, por correo electrónico a mrk@iac.es o lbellot@iac.es. Todas las estimaciones que recibamos se incluirán en esta página.
May 7th, 1997
Updated light curves of Comet Hale-Bopp are being placed in the IAC's Comet
Hale-Bopp Web pages (http://www.iac.es/comet/com.html) effectively on a daily basis. These light curves can be found at
within the amateur contributions menu.
The best part of the big show is now over and the comet is very definitely
fainter than magnitude 0 and dipping deeper and deeper into twilight.
As near as can be estimated from the light curve the magnitude finally faded
below 0 on April 26th, although there were still some estimations being made
at negative magnitude in early May. This gives a final total period as a
negative magnitude object of around 50 days (7 weeks), slightly less than we
might have hoped, but still really exceptional.
Hale-Bopp is made more exceptional by the fact that most of the time when it
was brightest it was visible in a dark sky after the end of twilight. Only a
very few comets over the last few centuries have ever been magnitude zero or
brighter in a dark sky and I can find no really clear-cut case where the
observations (not the theoretical light curve) seem to imply that a comet
was significantly brighter than Hale-Bopp in a dark sky.
With the large dispersion in the light curve, it is dificult to judge the
exact date of maximum, particularly as this maximum was very flat and
severely affected by the lack of suitable comparison stars. The best estimate
is that maximum was about 2-3 days before perihelion, in other words, around
March 29th-30th. This is a little later than was expected because the
geocentric distance was already increasing at that time. This may indicate that
fresh activity was appearing on the surface of the nucleus even at perihelion
with the absolute magnitude still brightening slightly.
The fade in brightness post-perihelion is rather slower than the pre-perihelion
rise. There is a dip over the last few days, but that may be due as much to
poor observing conditions (twilight and low altitude) than to a real large
fade in the comet's brightness. The indications are that the comet will still
be a bright object for several weeks to come allowing southern hemisphere
observers a brief taste of what they have missed.
The light curves are being produced using data from two sources: observations
from "The Astronomer" supplied by Guy Hurst (guy@tahq.demon.co.uk) and
observations from the ICQ/IAU Recent Comet Magnitudes page in the Web
(http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/cfa/ps/icq/CometMags.html).
We are including also two more plots: Coma Diameter and Tails Lenght.
Mark Kidger, May 7th, 1997