Astronomy and Astrophysics
Aims: In this work we explore the dependence of the gas-phase metallicity residuals from the MZR and ΦZR on different galaxy properties in the search for the most fundamental scaling relation in galaxies.
Methods: We applied a random forest regressor algorithm on a sample of 3430 nearby star-forming galaxies from the SDSS-IV MaNGA survey. Using this technique, we explored the effect of 147 additional parameters on the global oxygen abundance residuals obtained after subtracting the MZR. Alternatively, we followed a similar approach with the metallicity residuals from the ΦZR.
Results: The stellar metallicity of the galaxy is revealed as the secondary parameter in both the MZR and the ΦZR, ahead of the SFR. This parameter reduces the scatter in the relations ∼10 − 15%. We find the 3D relation between gravitational potential, gas metallicity, and stellar metallicity to be the most fundamental metallicity relation observed in galaxies.