In the last decade, growing evidence has emerged supporting a non-universal stellar initial mass function (IMF) in massive galaxies, with a larger number of dwarf stars with respect to the Milky Way (bottom-heavy IMF). However, a consensus about the mechanisms that cause IMF variations is yet to be reached. Recently, it has been suggested that

Interactions between galaxies leave distinguishable imprints in the form of tidal features, which hold important clues about their mass assembly. Unfortunately, these structures are difficult to detect because they are low surface brightness features, so deep observations are needed. Upcoming surveys promise several orders of magnitude increase in

The transmission spectrum of the ultrahot Jupiter KELT-9b (T eq ~ 4000 K) exhibits absorption by several metal species. We searched for atomic and molecular lines in its emission spectrum by observing partial phase curves with the Calar Alto high-Resolution search for M dwarfs with Exoearths with Near-infrared and optical Echelle Spectrographs (R ~

Detecting the first galaxies of the Universe has always been a goal in extragalactic astronomy because the study of these sources provides important constraints on cosmic reionization. In Cabello et al. 2022, we exploited the capabilities of the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) to carry out the narrow-band (NB) Ly$\alpha$ survey at the highest

The discovery potential from astronomical and other data is limited by their noise. We introduce a novel non-parametric noise reduction technique based on Bayesian inference, \fabada, that automatically improves the signal-to-noise ratio of one- and two-dimensional data, such as astronomical images and spectra. The algorithm iteratively evaluates

The superb depth of present ultradeep observations and next generation synoptic surveys allow us to reach sudden decrements of the galaxy surface brightness in their outer parts. These truncations are intimately linked with the expected location of the cold gas density threshold for star formation. The unexpected existence of these limits in the