Physics of Ionized Nebulae

    General
    Description

    The research that is being carried out by the group can be condensed into two main lines:

    1) Study of the structure, dynamics, physical conditions and chemical evolution of Galactic and extragalactic ionized nebulae through detailed analysis and modelization of their spectra. Investigation of chemical composition gradients along the disk of our Galaxy and in nearby galaxies.

    2) Determine the physical-chemical conditions of galactic planetary nebulae with bipolar geometry and nebulae around symbiotic stars. The aim is to understand the origin of bipolarity and to test theoretical models that attempt to explain nebular morphology and kinematics, with special emphasis on models with central binary stars. We will also study the implications of the evolution of binary systems in other astrophysical scenarios, such as the formation of jets, cataclysmic variables, and nova and supernova-type explosions.

    Principal investigator
    Project manager
    Collaborators
    Dr.
    A.R. López Sánchez
    Dr.
    N.C. Sterling
    Dr.
    R. Wesson
    Dr.
    T. Hillwig
    Dr.
    U. Munari
    Dr.
    M. Santander García
    Prof.
    L. Konstantinou
    Dr.
    D. R. Gonçalves
    1. Using EMIR/GTC spectra in the near infrared range, tellurium and bromine emission lines have been detected for the first time in two planetary nebulae. These heavy element detections in one of their places where they are formed, give us information about the abundance patterns of heavy elements owing to the r-process and the s-process.

    Related publications

    Characterising the short-orbital period X-ray transient Swift J1910.2–0546 2025A&A...702A.225C
    Variability of Central Stars of Planetary Nebulae with the Zwicky Transient Facility. II. Long-timescale Variables including Wide Binary and Late Thermal Pulse Candidates 2025PASP..137j4206B
    EL CMi: Confirmation of triaxial pulsation theory 2025A&A...702A.104H
    Nickel- and iron-rich clumps in planetary nebulae: New discoveries and emission-line diagnostics 2025A&A...700A.155B
    The DBL Survey II: towards a mass–period distribution of double white dwarf binaries 2025MNRAS.541.3494M
    Dissecting NGC 3132: tracing the mass-loss history of the southern ring planetary nebula 2025MNRAS.541.1628B
    Advancing the accuracy in age determinations of old-disk stars using an oscillating red giant in an eclipsing binary 2025A&A...699A.152T
    A super-Chandrasekhar mass type Ia supernova progenitor at 49 pc set to detonate in 23 Gyr 2025NatAs...9..872M
    Generalized T<SUB>e</SUB>([O III])–T<SUB>e</SUB>(He I) Discrepancies in Ionized Nebulae: Possible Evidence of Case B Deviations and Temperature Inhomogeneities 2025ApJ...986...74M
    Integral field spectroscopy of the planetary nebula NGC 3242 and the puzzling nature of its low-ionization structures 2025A&A...697A.227K
    Chlorine abundances in star-forming regions of the local Universe 2025A&A...697A.130O
    Alpha-element abundance patterns in star-forming regions of the Local Universe 2025A&A...697A..61E
    The importance of binary stars 2025CoSka..55c..21B
    Post-common-envelope planetary nebulae 2025CoSka..55c.200J
    JWST/MIRI Study of the Enigmatic Mid-infrared Rings in the Planetary Nebula NGC 1514 2025AJ....169..236R
    A swarm of dusty objects in orbit around the central star of planetary nebula WeSb 1 2025NatAs...9..380B
    Detection of binary companions below the diffraction limit with lucky imaging 2025A&A...694A..48C
    Gas-phase Fe/O and Fe/N abundances in star-forming regions: Relations between nucleosynthesis, metallicity, and dust 2024A&A...690A.248M
    Planetary nebulae seen with TESS: New and revisited short-period binary central star candidates from Cycles 1 to 4 2024A&A...690A.190A
    Five new eclipsing binaries with low-mass companions 2024A&A...690A.168L
    MUSE spectroscopy of the high abundance discrepancy planetary nebula NGC 6153 2024A&A...689A.228G
    Detection of the [C I] λ8727 emission line. Low-ionization structures in NGC 7009 2024A&A...689A..14A
    Excitation mechanisms of C II optical permitted lines in ionized nebulae 2024A&A...687A..97R
    HD 110067 c has an aligned orbit. Measuring the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect inside a resonant multi-planet system with ESPRESSO 2024A&A...687L...2Z
    Effects of density and temperature variations on the metallicity of Mrk 71 2024NatAs...8..275M
    Atomic Data Assessment with PyNeb: Radiative and Electron Impact Excitation Rates for [Fe ii] and [Fe iii] 2023Atoms..11...63M
    An eclipsing 47 min double white dwarf binary at 400 pc 2023MNRAS.525.1814M
    PM 1-322: New variable planetary nebula 2023A&A...676A..88P
    Everything that glitters is not gold: V1315 Cas is not a dormant black hole 2023MNRAS.524.5749Z
    Panning for gold, but finding helium: Discovery of the ultra-stripped supernova SN 2019wxt from gravitational-wave follow-up observations 2023A&A...675A.201A
    The computation of interstellar extinction in photoionized nebulae 2023A&A...674L...6M
    Temperature inhomogeneities cause the abundance discrepancy in H II regions 2023Natur.618..249M
    Density biases and temperature relations for DESIRED H II regions 2023MNRAS.523.2952M
    Volumetric Rates of Luminous Red Novae and Intermediate-luminosity Red Transients with the Zwicky Transient Facility 2023ApJ...948..137K
    Analysis of integral field spectroscopy observations of the planetary nebula Hen 2-108 and its central star 2023MNRAS.522.1049M
    Planetary nebulae hosting accreting white dwarfs: a possible solution for the mysterious cut-off of planetary nebula luminosity function? 2023MNRAS.521.1808S
    The messy death of a multiple star system and the resulting planetary nebula as observed by JWST 2022NatAs...6.1421D
    The homogeneity of chemical abundances in H II regions of the Magellanic Clouds 2022MNRAS.517.4497D
    Searching for the next Galactic Luminous red nova 2022MNRAS.517.1884A
    Hubble constant and nuclear equation of state from kilonova spectro-photometric light curves 2022A&A...666A..67P