Cosmological constraints on the sum of the neutrino masses can be relaxed if the number density of active neutrinos is reduced compared to the standard scenario, while at the same time keeping the effective number of neutrino species N eff \approx 3 by introducing a new component of dark radiation. We discuss a UV complete model to realise this

We present a rapid timing analysis of optical (HiPERCAM and ULTRACAM) and X-ray (NICER) observations of the X-ray transient Swift J1858.6-0814 during 2018 and 2019. The optical light curves show relatively slow, large amplitude (~1 mag in g s) 'blue' flares (i.e. stronger at shorter wavelengths) on time-scales of ~minutes as well as fast, small

TOI-640 b is a hot, puffy Jupiter with a mass of 0.57 ± 0.02 M J and radius of 1.72 ± 0.05 R J, orbiting a slightly evolved F-type star with a separation of 6.33 −0.06 +0.07 R ⋆. Through spectroscopic in-transit observations made with the HARPS spectrograph, we measured the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect, analysing both in-transit radial velocities and

Numerical simulations within a cold dark matter (DM) cosmology form haloes whose density profiles have a steep inner slope ('cusp'), yet observations of galaxies often point towards a flat central 'core'. We develop a convolutional mixture density neural network model to derive a probability density function (PDF) of the inner density slopes of DM

Context. In the accretion-driven growth scenario, part of the intracluster light is formed in the group environment. Aims: We report the serendipitous discovery of a group of galaxies with signs of diffuse light in the foreground of the known galaxy cluster MACS J0329−0211 at z ∼ 0.45. Methods: Our investigation began with the detection of diffuse

The epoch in which galactic discs settle is a major benchmark for testing models of galaxy formation and evolution but remains largely unknown. Once discs settle and become sufficiently self-gravitating, stellar bars are able to form; therefore, determining the ages of bars can shed light on the epoch of disc settling, and on the onset of secular